Melphalan (melphalan) — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Alkylating agent (antineoplastic, chemotherapy)

Overview

Melphalan is a chemotherapy medication used to treat certain types of cancer, most commonly multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer. It works by interfering with the growth of cancer cells, slowing or stopping their spread in the body. Melphalan belongs to a group of medicines called alkylating agents. It damages the DNA of cancer cells, which prevents them from multiplying. This medication is usually given under the supervision of a healthcare professional, either as a tablet or an intravenous injection. Patients should be aware that melphalan can lower the body’s ability to fight infections and may cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or low blood cell counts. Regular monitoring and communication with your healthcare team are important during treatment.

For related Melphalan guidance, compare Ifosfamide, Temozolomide and Thiotepa.

Frequently Asked Questions about Melphalan

What is melphalan used for?

Melphalan is primarily used to treat multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer. It may also be used in certain conditioning regimens before stem cell transplantation.

How does melphalan work?

Melphalan works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from dividing and growing. This helps slow or stop the spread of cancer.

What are the most common side effects?

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, and temporary hair loss. Some people may also experience low blood cell counts.

Can I take melphalan if I am pregnant?

No. Melphalan can cause birth defects and should not be used during pregnancy. Use effective contraception during treatment and inform your doctor if you become pregnant.

How is melphalan given?

Melphalan can be taken orally as tablets or given as an intravenous injection by a healthcare professional. The method depends on your specific treatment plan.

What should I do if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. Do not double up. Contact your healthcare provider for advice.

Are there foods or medicines I should avoid while taking melphalan?

Avoid live vaccines and contact with people who have infections. Always inform your doctor about all medicines and supplements you are taking.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.