Naloxegol (naloxegol) — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Peripherally Acting Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonist (PAMORA)

Overview

Naloxegol is a prescription medication used to treat constipation caused by opioid pain medicines in adults with chronic non-cancer pain. Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) is a common side effect of long-term opioid use, and naloxegol helps relieve this by targeting the cause without affecting pain relief. Naloxegol works by blocking the effects of opioids on the gut, allowing normal bowel movements to occur. It does not interfere with the pain-relieving effects of opioids in the brain because it acts mainly in the digestive tract. Key points for patients: Take naloxegol exactly as prescribed, usually once daily on an empty stomach. Do not use it if you have a bowel obstruction or severe stomach problems. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking.

Therapeutic uses

  • Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with chronic non-cancer pain
  • Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with cancer

For related Naloxegol guidance, compare Naldemedine.

Common side effects

  • Abdominal pain
  • Diarrhea
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Flatulence
  • Opioid withdrawal symptoms
  • Gastrointestinal perforation

Frequently Asked Questions about Naloxegol

What is naloxegol used for?

Naloxegol is used to treat constipation caused by opioid pain medications in adults with chronic non-cancer pain. It helps restore normal bowel movements without affecting pain relief.

How does naloxegol work?

Naloxegol blocks the effects of opioids on the gut, allowing the bowels to move normally. It does not affect the pain-relieving effects of opioids in the brain.

Can I take naloxegol with food?

Naloxegol should be taken on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, to ensure proper absorption.

What should I do if I experience severe abdominal pain while taking naloxegol?

Stop taking naloxegol and contact your healthcare provider immediately, as this could be a sign of a serious condition such as bowel perforation.

Can naloxegol cause opioid withdrawal?

Yes, naloxegol may cause symptoms of opioid withdrawal, especially if taken at higher doses or in patients who are physically dependent on opioids.

Is naloxegol safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding?

There is limited data on the use of naloxegol during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Use only if clearly needed and prescribed by your healthcare provider.

What medications should I avoid while taking naloxegol?

Avoid strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (such as clarithromycin, ketoconazole, ritonavir) and grapefruit products, as these can increase the risk of side effects.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.