Estradiol
Pronunciation: es-TRAD-ee-ol.
- Generic name
- Estradiol
- Brand names
- Estradot, Femoston, Estraderm, Estalis, Estraheal, Minivelle
- Drug class
- Endocrine & Hormonal
Availability and supply rules vary by country
Trade names by country: United States · United Kingdom · Canada · Australia · New Zealand
Australia: Progynova (5) · Full directory
What Estradiol is and how it works
Uses, formulations, monitoring, and supply rules can differ by patient, product, and country. Follow the exact local product information and professional advice.
Mechanism of action: how Estradiol works
Estradiol is a synthetic form of the primary endogenous estrogen. It binds to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) in target tissues, modulating gene expression and protein synthesis. This leads to the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and modulation of bone density, lipid metabolism, and vascular function. (1)
What Estradiol is used for
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopausal symptoms
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopausal symptoms (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, oophorectomy, or primary ovarian failure
Treatment of hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, oophorectomy, or primary ovarian failure (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis
Prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Treatment of certain types of breast cancer (in specific regimens)
Treatment of certain types of breast cancer (in specific regimens) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Treatment of prostate cancer (in specific regimens)
Treatment of prostate cancer (in specific regimens) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Before taking Estradiol
Do not take / not appropriate for
- undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding. (Contraindication) (2)
- known/suspected/history of breast cancer (except appropriately selected metastatic disease patients). (Contraindication) (2)
- known/suspected estrogen-dependent neoplasia. (Contraindication) (2)
- active or history of DVT/PE. (Contraindication) (2)
- active or recent arterial thromboembolic disease (stroke, MI). (Contraindication) (2)
- liver dysfunction/disease. (Contraindication) (2)
- hypersensitivity. (Contraindication) (2)
- known or suspected pregnancy. (Contraindication) (2)
Tell your clinician about
(2) (3) (4) (5) (6)How to take Estradiol
- General Instructions: Take estradiol exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not increase or decrease your dose without consulting your doctor.. Adult Dosing: Dosing varies by indication and formulation. For menopausal symptoms, typical oral doses range from 0.5 mg to 2 mg daily. Transdermal patches are usually applied once or twice weekly. Always follow your provider’s instructions.. Pediatric Dosing: Estradiol is rarely used in children. If prescribed, dosing is individualized and should be managed by a specialist.. Administration: Oral tablets should be swallowed with water. Patches are applied to clean, dry skin on the lower abdomen or buttocks. Topical gels and creams are applied as directed. Vaginal rings are inserted into the vagina and left in place for several weeks.. When To Stop: Do not stop estradiol suddenly without consulting your doctor. Therapy may be discontinued if serious side effects occur or if no longer needed.. Storage: Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep out of reach of children.
- This page does not provide a dose calculator. Dosing must follow the prescriber, pharmacist, or product label.
Procedures and treatment changes
Tell the treating team before surgery, procedures, or any medicine change. Do not alter treatment without the responsible clinician. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Missed dose
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not double the dose.
Overdose
In case of overdose, seek emergency medical attention or contact a poison control center. Symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and vaginal bleeding. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Side effects
Side effects and their urgency vary; report severe, persistent, or concerning symptoms to a healthcare professional.
Nausea
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Breast tenderness
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Headache
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Bloating
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Vaginal bleeding
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Blood clots
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Stroke
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Heart attack
Incidence: Reported in the clinician-authored database; frequency not established
Serious warnings
FDA BOXED WARNING — endometrial cancer, cardiovascular disorders, probable dementia and breast cancer — emergency
Symptoms: This is the medicine's boxed warning, its most serious safety warning. Watch for unusual vaginal bleeding; sudden chest pain, breathlessness, weakness or numbness on one side, trouble speaking, or pain and swelling in a leg; a new breast lump or change in the breast; and, in women aged 65 and over, new or worsening memory problems or confusion.
Action: Get emergency help for chest pain, breathlessness, one-sided weakness or trouble speaking. Report unusual vaginal bleeding, a breast change, or new memory problems to your prescriber promptly. Estrogen therapy is used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration consistent with treatment goals, and whether to continue is a decision for your prescriber.
Increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and heart attack, especially in smokers and women over 35 — serious
Symptoms: Increased risk of blood clots, stroke, and heart attack, especially in smokers and women over 35. May increase the risk of certain cancers, including breast and endometrial cancer. Not recommended during pregnancy. May worsen certain conditions such as liver disease, gallbladder disease, or asthma. Regular monitoring is required during long-term use.
Action: Follow the urgency stated and seek prompt or emergency care when indicated. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Contraindications recorded in the clinician database — serious
Symptoms: Contraindications recorded in the clinician database: Contraindications: Known or suspected breast cancer or estrogen-dependent neoplasia, active or recent arterial thromboembolic disease (stroke, MI), active or history of venous thromboembolism, undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding, severe hepatic impairment, pregnancy, and hypersensitivity to estradiol. Precautions: Use with caution in patients with risk factors for cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, migraine, epilepsy, gallbladder disease, and a family history of hormone-sensitive cancers.
Action: Follow the urgency stated and seek prompt or emergency care when indicated. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Interactions
| Medicine or test | Effect | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Recorded interactions | Estradiol may interact with certain medications, including anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine), antibiotics (e.g., rifampin), antifungals, and herbal supplements like St. John’s wort. These interactions can affect estradiol levels and efficacy. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medicines and supplements you are taking. | (1) |
Pregnancy, breastfeeding, kidney/liver function, age
Pregnancy
Requires a primary-source research pass before this section can be completed. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Breastfeeding
Requires a primary-source research pass before this section can be completed. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Children
Frequency: Not applicable.. Weight Based: Not recommended for pediatric use.. Max Daily Dose: Not applicable.. Max Single Dose: Not applicable.. Age Restrictions: Safety not established in children. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Renal_impairment
Requires a primary-source research pass before this section can be completed. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Hepatic_impairment
Requires a primary-source research pass before this section can be completed. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Monitoring
(2) (3) (4) (5) (6)Storage
Requires a primary-source research pass before this section can be completed.
Professional information
Clinician-facing context only. This section does not replace current product labeling.
General
Indication: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for menopausal symptoms
Dose summary: 1-2 mg orally once daily for estrogen replacement therapy.
Renal context: The estradiol label contains no renal-impairment section and specifies no renal dose adjustment. Hepatic status matters more for this medicine: hepatic impairment or disease is a CONTRAINDICATION, and estrogens may be poorly metabolised where liver function is reduced. (1)
Hepatic guidance
Hepatic impairment or disease is a contraindication. Estrogens may be poorly metabolised in women with hepatic impairment; exercise caution in any woman with a history of cholestatic jaundice associated with past estrogen use or with pregnancy.
Frequently asked questions
What is estradiol used for?
Estradiol is used to treat symptoms of menopause (such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness), prevent osteoporosis, and manage low estrogen states due to ovarian failure or certain medical conditions.
How long should I take estradiol?
Estradiol should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible duration. Your doctor will regularly review your need for ongoing therapy.
Can estradiol cause weight gain?
Some people may experience mild weight changes while taking estradiol, but significant weight gain is uncommon. Lifestyle factors and other medications may also play a role.
Is estradiol safe during pregnancy?
Estradiol is not recommended during pregnancy and should be discontinued if pregnancy occurs.
What should I do if I experience unusual vaginal bleeding?
Contact your healthcare provider promptly if you notice any unusual or persistent vaginal bleeding while taking estradiol.
Can I use estradiol if I have a history of blood clots?
Estradiol is generally contraindicated in people with a history of blood clots or thromboembolic disorders. Discuss your medical history with your doctor.
Are there foods or medicines I should avoid while taking estradiol?
Avoid grapefruit products and inform your doctor about all other medications and supplements, as some may interact with estradiol.
What happens if I take too much Estradiol?
Taking too much Estradiol can lead to symptoms such as severe nausea, vomiting, vaginal bleeding, and breast tenderness. In cases of suspected overdose, it is crucial to seek immediate emergency medical attention. Your healthcare provider can offer guidance and appropriate treatment to manage any adverse effects.
Can I drink alcohol while taking Estradiol?
While moderate alcohol consumption may not be strictly contraindicated with Estradiol, excessive alcohol intake can potentially increase the risk of certain side effects, including liver strain and elevated triglyceride levels. It is advisable to discuss your alcohol consumption habits with your healthcare provider to ensure safe and effective treatment.
What is the mechanism of action of Estradiol?
Estradiol is a synthetic form of the primary endogenous estrogen. It binds to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) in target tissues, modulating gene expression and protein synthesis. This leads to the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues, regulation of the menstrual cycle, and modulation of bone density, lipid metabolism, and vascular function. (1)
What is the generic name of Estradiol?
The generic name is Estradiol. It is sold under brand names including Estradot, Femoston, Estraderm, Estalis, Estraheal, Minivelle.
What class of drug is Estradiol?
Estradiol is classed as: Endocrine & Hormonal.
References
- Estradiol Tablets, USP (0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg) -- full prescribing information, updated January 7, 2025U.S. Food and Drug Administration / DailyMed (NIH), full prescribing information, Epic Pharma, LLC · United States · accessed 2026-07-30 · source 1
- Progynova 1 mg Tablets -- Summary of Product Characteristicselectronic medicines compendium (emc), United Kingdom -- Bayer plc · United Kingdom · accessed 2026-07-30 · source 2
- EU-wide class review of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and breast cancer risk (based on a Lancet individual-participant meta-analysis)European Medicines Agency (EMA) / Pharmacovigilance Risk Assessment Committee (PRAC) · European Union · accessed 2026-07-30 · source 3
- ESTRADOT (estradiol transdermal patch) and ESTROGEL (estradiol gel) -- Product MonographsHealth Canada product monographs (Novartis/Sandoz -- ESTRADOT; Organon -- ESTROGEL) · Canada · accessed 2026-07-30 · source 4
- PROGYNOVA estradiol valerate 1 mg tablet blister pack -- ARTG entry 10708 (also 2 mg, ARTG 10709/323720)Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), Australia · Australia · accessed 2026-07-30 · source 5
- PROGYNOVA New Zealand Data Sheet (CCDS 14, version XV2.0)Medsafe (New Zealand regulator) · New Zealand · accessed 2026-07-30 · source 6
- ESTRADIOL VAGINAL CREAM (ESTRADIOL) CREAM [PRASCO LABORATORIES] — US prescribing information (DailyMed SPL)U.S. National Library of Medicine (DailyMed) · US · accessed 2026-08-14 · source 7
- Estrogen — patient drug information (MedlinePlus)U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus) · US · accessed 2026-08-14 · source 8
- Iclevia — FDA approval record (Drugs@FDA ANDA206850)U.S. Food and Drug Administration · US · accessed 2026-08-14 · source 9
- Estradiol — RxNorm normalized drug concept (RXCUI 24395)U.S. National Library of Medicine (RxNorm) · US · accessed 2026-08-14 · source 10
Brand names by country
Single-ingredient Estradiol names are shown separately by country. Product availability, strengths, and supply rules can change; combination products are not included here.
Priority countries
United States
- ESTRADIOL VAGINAL INSERTS10 ug · aurobindo pharma limited
- DOTTI.0375 mg/d, .025 mg/d, .075 mg/d, .1 mg/d, .05 mg/d · bryant ranch prepack
- ESTRACE.1 mg/g · allergan, inc.
- Yuvafem10 ug · avkare
- Estradiol Transdermal System.06 mg/d, .1 mg/d, .025 mg/d, .05 mg/d, .075 mg/d, .0375 mg/d · sandoz inc
- Climara.1 mg/d, .075 mg/d, .06 mg/d, .025 mg/d, .0375 mg/d, .05 mg/d · bayer healthcare pharmaceuticals inc.
- LYLLANA.025 mg/d, .05 mg/d, .0375 mg/d, .075 mg/d, .1 mg/d · amneal pharmaceuticals llc
- Vivelle-Dot.05 mg/d, .1 mg/d, .025 mg/d, .0375 mg/d, .075 mg/d · sandoz inc
- DIVIGEL1 mg/g, .75 mg/.75g, .5 mg/.5g, .25 mg/.25g, 1.25 mg.25g · vertical pharmaceuticals, llc
- Minivelle.075 mg/d, .05 mg/d, .1 mg/d, .025 mg/d, .0375 mg/d · noven therapeutics, llc
United Kingdom
- Progynova (2)MHRA licensed emc smpc confirmed · 1 mg, 2 mg · Bayer plc
Canada
- OESCLIM
- ESTRADOT
- CLIMARA
- ESTRACE
- DIVIGEL
- LUPIN-ESTRADIOL
- ESTRING
- ESTROGEL
- VAGIFEM
- SANDOZ ESTRADIOL DERM
Australia
- Progynova (5)TGA ARTG registered confirmed · 1 mg (ARTG 10708), 2 mg (ARTG 10709 / 323720) · Amdipharm Mercury Australia Pty Ltd
New Zealand
- Progynova (6)Medsafe registered confirmed · 1 mg, 2 mg · Bayer New Zealand
View brands in additional countries.
European Union
Progynova / Estrofem / national-brand equivalents (3)