Selenium — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety
Drug class: Trace Element, Nutritional Supplement
Overview
Selenium is an essential trace mineral that plays a vital role in many bodily processes, including antioxidant defense, thyroid hormone metabolism, and immune function. It is used to treat or prevent selenium deficiency, which can occur in people with certain medical conditions, poor nutrition, or those receiving parenteral nutrition. Selenium works by supporting the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, which help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. It is also important for proper thyroid function and immune system health. Key points for patients: Selenium is usually well tolerated at recommended doses, but taking too much can be harmful. Always use selenium supplements under the guidance of a healthcare professional, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications.
Therapeutic uses
- Selenium deficiency
- Thyroid dysfunction
- Cardiovascular disease prevention
- Cancer prevention (adjunct)
- Immune system support
Common side effects
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Hair loss
- Brittle nails
- Garlic breath odor
- Fatigue
- Peripheral neuropathy
Frequently Asked Questions about Selenium
What is selenium used for?
Selenium is used to treat or prevent selenium deficiency, support thyroid function, and as an antioxidant. It may also be used in certain medical conditions where selenium levels are low.
Can I take selenium every day?
Selenium can be taken daily at recommended doses if prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not exceed the recommended amount to avoid toxicity.
What are the signs of selenium overdose?
Signs of overdose include nausea, vomiting, hair loss, nail changes, garlic-like breath odor, irritability, and in severe cases, neurological symptoms or organ failure.
Is selenium safe during pregnancy?
Selenium is generally considered safe during pregnancy when used at recommended dietary amounts. High doses should be avoided. Always consult your healthcare provider.
Can selenium interact with other medications?
Yes, selenium can interact with certain medications, including antithyroid drugs, chemotherapy agents, and anticoagulants. Inform your healthcare provider about all medicines and supplements you use.
How should selenium supplements be stored?
Store selenium supplements at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep them out of reach of children.
What should I do if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not double up.
Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.