Ketamine (ketamine hydrochloride) — Uses, Dosage, Side Effects & Safety

Drug class: Dissociative anesthetic (NMDA receptor antagonist)

Overview

Ketamine is a fast-acting medication primarily used to induce and maintain anesthesia during surgeries and medical procedures. It is also used for pain management and, in some cases, for treatment-resistant depression under medical supervision. Ketamine works by blocking certain receptors in the brain (NMDA receptors), which leads to a dissociative state—patients may feel detached from their body and surroundings. This effect helps prevent pain and discomfort during procedures. Key points for patients: Ketamine is usually administered by healthcare professionals in a hospital or clinic setting. It can cause vivid dreams or hallucinations, especially as you wake up. Your doctor will monitor you closely for side effects and ensure your safety during and after the procedure.

Frequently Asked Questions about Ketamine

What is ketamine used for?

Ketamine is used for anesthesia during surgery, pain management, and, in some cases, for treatment-resistant depression under medical supervision.

How does ketamine work?

Ketamine blocks NMDA receptors in the brain, leading to a dissociative state that prevents pain and discomfort.

Is ketamine safe?

When used as directed by healthcare professionals, ketamine is generally safe. However, it can cause side effects and should be used with caution in certain populations.

Can ketamine be addictive?

Yes, ketamine has the potential for abuse and dependence, especially with repeated or recreational use.

What should I tell my doctor before receiving ketamine?

Inform your doctor about any history of mental health disorders, substance abuse, heart disease, liver or kidney problems, and all medications you are taking.

Can I drive after receiving ketamine?

Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until the effects of ketamine have completely worn off and your doctor says it is safe.

What are the signs of a ketamine overdose?

Signs include severe confusion, loss of consciousness, slow or irregular breathing, and seizures. Seek emergency help immediately if overdose is suspected.

Educational information only. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before starting, stopping, or changing any medication.